Keratoconus & C3R Treatment

Keratoconus is a progressive eye disease where the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye, thins and bulges outward into a cone shape. Keratoconus typically begins in the teens or early twenties and can worsen over time, though progression can slow down in later years.

• Blurred or distorted vision.

• Increased sensitivity to bright light and glare, which can cause problems with night driving.

• A need for frequent changes in eyeglass prescriptions.

• Sudden worsening or clouding of vision.

• Visual acuity test: This test can show that vision is blurry and not fully correctable with glasses.

• Retinoscopy: A doctor may use a retinoscope to check the eyes' refractive properties and can sometimes see a "scissoring" effect on the reflected light, indicating irregular astigmatism. 

• Clinical signs: A doctor may look for external signs like the Munson's sign, which is a V-shaped indentation of the lower eyelid when looking down, caused by the cone-shaped cornea. 

• Keratometry: This test measures the basic curvature of the cornea by focusing a circle of light onto it and measuring the reflection. 

• Slit-lamp examination: A specialized microscope is used to get a detailed view of the cornea's surface, allowing the doctor to look for signs like thinning or a conical shape. 

• Computerized corneal mapping (Topography/Tomography): This is a key diagnostic tool that creates a detailed 3D map of the cornea's surface, showing its shape and any irregularities. 

• Pachymetry: This test measures the thickness of the cornea, which is often thinned in individuals with keratoconus. 

• Having a family history of keratoconus.

• Rubbing the eyes vigorously.

• Having certain conditions, such as Retinitis Pigmentosa, Down syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, hay fever and asthma.